Chapitres
- 01. Be au présent
- 02. Be au preterit
- 03. Les emplois de be
- 04. Exercices
a) Charlotte est coiffeuse b) Elle est malade c) Elle est allée chez le médecin .
Le verbe " être " est un verbe lexical dans les phrases a et b : il indique une caractéristique de Charlotte . Il est auxliaire dans la phrase c : il n'apporte pas de sens , mais sert à former le passé composé du verbe " aller " .
En anglais , be peut avoir ces deux valeurs .
Be au présent
Forme affirmative
Construction de la forme affirmative : sujet + be .
I am / You are / He - she - it is / We are/ You are / They are .
Sa forme contractée est très courante , surtout à l'oral .
I am = I'm / You are = you're / He - she - it is = He's - she's - it's / We are = we're /
You are = you're / They are = they're .
Forme négative
Construction de la forme négative : sujet + be + not .
I am not / You are not / He - she - it is not / We are not / You are not / They are not .
La forme négative peut être contractée .
I am not = I'm not / You are not = you aren't / He - she - it is not = He - she - it isn't /
We are not = we aren't / You are not = you aren't / They are not = they aren't .
Forme interrogative
Construction de la forme interrogative : be + sujet + ?
Am I ? / Are you ? / Is he - she - it ? / Are we ? / Are you ? / Are they ?
Be au preterit
Forme affirmative
I was / You were / He - she - it was / We were / You were / They were .
Il n'y a pas de forme contractée .
Forme négative
I was not / You were not / He - she - it was not / We were not / You were not /
They were not .
La forme négative peut être contractée .
Was not = wasn't / Were not = weren't .
Forme interrogative
Was I ? / Were you ? / Was he - she - it ? / Were we ? / Were you ? / Were they ?
Vous cherchez des cours d'anglais en ligne ?
Les emplois de be
Be peut être un verbe lexical . Comme le verbe " être " en français , il permet de décrire les propriétés du sujet .
Ex : Mary is very slim . Mary est très mince .
Be peut être un auxiliaire . ll sert à indiquer le temps ou l'aspect d'un autre verbe , comme dans la forme be + V - ing ou la voix passive .
Ex : They are running . Ils courent .
It's broken . C'est cassé .
ATTENTION à la traduction en anglais de " être né " !
Je suis né = I was born / Il est né = He was born / Ils sont nés = They were born .
Exercices
1) Compléter ce dialogue avec le verbe be à la forme qui convient .
a) " ................... John a nice man ? "
b) " yes , he ........... "
c) " ................. you sure ? "
d) " of course ! I ............... his best friend . "
e) " .................... his parents fine too ? "
f) " Yes , but they ................ very old now . "
2) Compléter cette histoire avec le verbe be au preterit .
a) Thimble .............. a tiny little man .
b) His nose ............... very small .
c) His ears ............... small too .
d) But his legs ............. very long .
e) That's why he ..................... called the long - legged boy .
3) Remplacer les formes pleines par des formes contractées chaque fois que cela est possible .
a) The weather was very nice during the holidays . It was not rainy .
b) But I see you are not suntanned .
c) No , because it was not very hot , so we were often indoors .
d) Was it not boring ?
e) No , it was not . I enjoyed every minute of it .
4) Poser les questions qui ont amené ces réponses .
Ex : No , Jack isn't sick = Is Jack sick ?
a) Yes , she is very tall .
b) No , he isn't fat .
c) Yes , they're strong .
d) Yes , Mr Wilson is very old .
e) No , Jack isn't very young .
5) Faire des phrases interro - négatives au preterit selon le modèle .
Ex : They - here ? = Weren't they here ?
a) He - slim ?
b) You - at home ?
c) He - good at English ?
d) She - happy ?
6) Traduire en anglais .
a) " Vos parents sont - ils grands ? " " Oui . "
b) " Votre père est - il chauve ? " " Non . "
c) Il a les cheveux longs et le teint clair ( traduire : ses cheveux sont ... )
d) J'ai les pieds fatigués . ( traduire : mes pieds sont ... )
e) " Est - ce que tu es né à Londres ? " " Oui . "
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